Ideations;
- Interface and usability analyses of Music Festivals Area's element ( Stage, social activities, etc..)
- Interfaces and interactivity of two Mosques wich has designed by Mimar Sinan ( Süleymaniye Mosque and Rüstempaşa Mosque)
- Tattoo Art; Design on Body; Meaning of tattoo design and meaning of interfaces on body by having tattoo
Week 4
Exact Idea:
Interface&Interactivity&Usability elements of two Mosques wich has designed by Mimar Sinan ( Süleymaniye Mosque and Rüstempaşa Mosque)
Research Plan:
Visiting Mosques in Istanbul ( As much as i can ) and taking photos
Making a researches about Ottoman Art and Mimar Sinan's art style and his buildings, structures of his works.
Analysing two mosques seperatly by checking ; interfaces; usability and interactivity
Comparing two mosques with their designs, interfaces.
Week 4&5
Keywords:
Rustem Pasa Mosgue, Suleymaniye Mosque Architecture, Mimar Sinan, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman ( Suleyman the Magnificent ), Usability, User, Interface, Ottoman Architecture, Ottoman Art, Islamic Art, Islamic Aesthetic, Mosque Design, Visuality, Usability Testing Methods, Visuality of Mosque, Ottoman Empire, Mimar Sinan Age, Islamic Culture, Interactivity
Annotated Bibliography:
1-The Age Of Sinan / Gülru Necipoğlu
"Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire"
For Analyzing art way and architectural techniques of Ottoman Empire, i will need quite much information and good enough knowledge about Ottoman Art of Architecture. So that i will start thinking about designs and usabilities and all other elements for my two important place of my thesis; Süleymaniye and Rüstem Pasa Mosques. That's why that book will be important to understand content of Ottoman Architecture.
2-Sinan: an architectural genius/ Doğan Kuban, Ahmet Ertuğ.
Content: The Pre-Islamic Turks And Their Arts, Introduction To Ottoman Architecture, Sinan and The Monuments Of Süleyman the Magnificent and Selim II, Mosques Of The Last Ottoman Period.
All those topics will be such helpful to get more informations and knowledge about Ottoman Art, Mosques and period of Süleyman the Magnificent and Mimar Sinan. And i will get to know more about Islamic, Turks Art and everything will be better to advance my thesis.
3-Sinan'ın sanatı ve Selimiye / Doğan Kuban
Content: Mitology of Süleymaniye, Rüstem Paşa Mosque, Topkapi Kitchens, General informations about designs of Mosques
I will get informations mostly about design of Ottoman Mosques. There will be huge information about detailed designs of mosques, especially in Istanbul, big mosques so that i would like to read and get more detailed knowledge about Ottoman Mosque's designs.
4-Sinan : architect of Süleyman the magnificent and the Ottoman Gold Age / John Freely, Augusto Romano Burelli; photographs, Ara Güler.
Content: Ottoman Architecture before Mimar Sinan, Artists in Ottoman Age before Mimar Sinan, Selimiye-Sinan'ın Yazılmamış Mimari Kuramı, Big Mosques of Mimar Sinan.
I will get more Selimiye-Sinan'ın Yazılmamış Mimari Kuramı informations and i can analyze mosques of Sinan and Ottoman's other artist's mosques.
5-Sinan : the grand old master of Ottoman architecture / Aptullah Kuran ; photographs, Ara Güler, Mustafa Niksarlı.
Content: Tell about Mimar Sinan who has most important role of my thesis. I will have that book as a getting know more and more about Sinan, his art style, and Ottoman Architecture from him. Then i will use my informations on his buildings when i will be analyzing much better
6-Mimar Sinan / Turgut Cansever.
Content: Toughts of Islamic Architecture, Rüstem Paşa Mosque, Latest Architectures of Mimar Sinan, Ayasofya Minars
That book will be very useful to see Rüstem Paşa Mosque's Architecture and history of that Mosque. And also about observing Islamic Architecture and late Ottoman buildings, that book will be important source to me.
7-Mimar Sinan estetik bir analiz/ Jale Nejdet Erzen
That book, will be useful to have a Aesthetic of Mimar Sinan's Art and designs. So one of the my important topics is aesthetic and i will keep reading and getting know more about that point of Mimar Sinan's art.
8-The Usability Methods Toolbox by James Hom
http://jthom.best.vwh.net/usability/
Important facts of Usability and informations of user, usability design wich i'll use that webside for getting know more details about usability.
9- Respect to Sinan
http://www.sinanasaygi.org/en/
That webside has many informations and images about Sinan's works. Normally it's not allowed to take a photo in mosques all the time but with that webside i can use images and i can anaylze my facts on my thesis by using that webside.
10-Sinan : Ottoman architecture and its values today / Godfrey Goodwin.
There is a well research about Ottoman Architecture by Godfrey Goodwin and it tells a lot of information about how important and special facts are in Ottoman Architecture and art culture of Islamic Culture. So that book will be important guide to know about Ottoman Architecture and details of them and situation of them today.
11- Bir şaheser: Süleymaniye Külliyesi/ edited by Selçuk Mülayim.
Selçuk Mülayim has a very important book wich includes quite well details about Süleymaniye Mosque. With that book i will have a chance to know much about Süleymaniye Mosque wich has maden by Mimar Sinan, and i will be more sure when i will be doing my analyzes and using my knowledge about design on my thesis. That's why; especially for details of Süleymaniye Mosque, that book will be very important for me.
12-Süleyman the Magnificent / J.M. Rogers and R.M. Ward
For understanding buildings, art ways of mosques and designs, there should be good enough knowledge about the person who mosque has builded for him; Süleymaniye and Rüstem Pasa
If i know good enough about Who is Süleyman the Magnificent; what he has done; what was his specialities, what was cultural facts of his age, how Mimar Sinan decided to build mosque for him and many other question's answer, i will check mosques with an awareness of histories of Mosques.
13-Süleyman the Magnificent and the Ottoman Empire / by Miriam Greenblatt.
This is one other book which tell about Süleyman the Magnificent from Miriam Greenblatt.
Those books will be important to get to know about culture and history of Ottoman Empire more and about Süleyman more. So like previous source, that book will be important guide to know about Süleyman as well.
14- Subjects of the Sultan: Culture and Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire. Faroqhi, Suraiyah (2005).
Cultural and daily life of Ottoman Empire, the thing wich i have to have information about. For understanding details, even in Art Culture of Ottoman Empire, i have to get to know reasons of every details with that knowledge in book.
15-Rogers, J.M. (2007). Sinan: Makers of Islamic Civilization
That book tells about Mimar Sinan who is greatest Architect in Ottoman Empire. He has many amazing buildings in all around Turkey and Europe and almots all of them has unbeliveable technique of art, architecture. That's why i will have that book as a information about Mimar Sinan more and more.
16-Freely, John (2000). Blue Guide Istanbul. W. W. Norton & Company
Istanbul has really huge history and Ottoman Empire has a main role of that history of Istanbul. And nowadays we can see a lot of historical places in Istanbul from Ottoman Art. And that book is telling about those buildings in Istanbul, wich comes from Ottoman Empire.
That book will be helpful to know about other places than mosques in Istanbul wich comes from Ottoman Ages, maybe it would be good to know of Art Styles and techiques of other buildings too. Even not from Mimar Sinan.
Week 8&9 / Researc Methods
Main Statement : Architerture’s and structure’s of Suleymaniye Mosque and Rüstem Pasha Mosque and analyzing/comparing their designs of interfaces, and also making research about their usabilities by perform it in real. So that i having a good enough information about “Interactivity” wich will be very important topic of that research as well.
In my paper, for having information and getting more knowledge, describing Architectural techniques of Ottoman Empire, and Islamic Art Culture, i will benefit from the book "The Age Of Sinan / Gülru Necipoğlu , Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire" . Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onwards by people (not necessarily Muslim) who lived within the territory that was inhabited by culturally Islamic populations. It includes fields as varied as architecture, calligraphy, painting, and ceramics, among others. This book will be such useful for thinking about design techniques and design elements in Islamic and Ottoman Art. Another important element of my topic is Sinan; who was the chief Ottoman architect and civil engineer for sultans Suleiman I, Selim II, and Murad III. He was, during a period of fifty years, responsible for the construction or the supervision of every major building in the Ottoman Empire. For reading and having good enough knowledge of Sinan and His Artworks and techniques, there will be many sources wich i will benefit from such as ; Sinan : the grand old master of Ottoman architecture / Aptullah Kuran mentioned about Sinan very detailed and has given many examples of his Artworks. Another book about Sinan is; “Sinan: an architectural genius” from Doğan Kuban.That book tells about Sinan’s art technique mostly as “At the start of his career as an architect, Sinan had to deal with an established, traditional domed architecture. His training as an army engineer led him to approach architecture from an empirical point of view, rather than from a theoretical one. He started to experiment with the design and engineering of single-domed and multiple-domed structures.”
Ottoman/Islamic Art has a big role of my thesis. Understanding culture of Ottoman Empire will make things easy to analyze and observe. "Culture and Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire. Faroqhi, Suraiyah (2005)", will be kind of guide to me when i will be getting more information about Otoman’s lifestlye and culture. Because then i will keep working on my Project more easily. On the other hand; the book named "Sinan : architect of Süleyman the magnificent and the Ottoman Gold Age / John Freely, Augusto Romano Burelli; photographs, Ara Güler" will be important for Sinan’s artworks and also there will be photographs of architects of Sinan from one of the most important Turkish Photograph Artists who is Ara Güler. Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onwards by people (not necessarily Muslim) who lived within the territory that was inhabited by culturally Islamic populations. It includes fields as varied as architecture, calligraphy, painting, and ceramics, among others. Ottoman Empire has such big role of impressive Islamic Art Culture. And Mimar Sinan was master builder of the 16th Century Ottoman Mosques. Mimar Sinan, the Chief of Architects to the Sultans from 1538 to 1588, experimented boldly with domed structure and interior space in a vast array of mosques. Sinan, observing traditional principles, oversaw a great metamorphosis of the mosque in the service of Islam. More than any other Ottoman architect he set the course for the design of religious structures for centuries to come.
Main Research Subject: By analyzing designs, architectures and interfaces/usabilities, researching two of the most important masterpieces of Mimar Sinan’s wich are Suleymaniye Mosque and Rustem Pasha Mosque. First of all, i would like give some informations about those two important mosques and short briefs of their structures.
The Süleymaniye Mosque: (Turkish: Süleymaniye Camii) is an Ottoman imperial mosque located on the second Hill of Istanbul, Turkey. It is the second largest mosque in the city, and one of the best-known sights of Istanbul.
The Süleymaniye Mosque was built on the order of Sultan Suleiman I (Suleiman the Magnificent) and was constructed by the great Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan. The construction work began in 1550 and the mosque was finished in 1557, opening on 16th August of that year.
Sinan considered the design to be an architectural counterpoint to the Byzantine Hagia Sophia. The Hagia Sophia, converted into a mosque under Mehmed II, served as a model to many Ottoman mosques in Istanbul. However, Sinan's Süleymaniye is a more symmetrical, rationalized and light-filled interpretation of earlier Ottoman precedents, as well as the Hagia Sophia. It is possible that dialogue between Italy and Istanbul contributed to Sinan's enthusiasm for symmetrical and rational forms, as promoted by writers like Alberti.
The Rüstem Pasha Mosque (Turkish: ' Rüstempaşa Camii') is an Ottoman mosque located in Hasırcılar Çarşısı (Strawmat Weavers Market) in Eminönü, Istanbul, Turkey.
The Rüstem Pasha Mosque was designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan for Grand Vizier Damat Rüstem Pasha (husband of one of the daughters of Suleiman the Magnificent, Princess Mihrimah). Its building took place from 1561 to 1563.
The Rüstem Pasha Mosque is famous for its large quantities of exquisite İznik tiles, set in a very wide variety of beautiful floral and geometric designs, which cover not only the façade of the porch but also the mihrab, minbar, walls, columns and on the façade of the porch outside. These tiles exhibit the use of a tomato-red color characteristic of the early Iznik period (1555-1620), and no other mosque in Istanbul makes such a lavish use of these tiles. [4]
The plan of the building is basically that of an octagon inscribed in a rectangle. The main dome rests on four semi-domes; not on the axes but in the diagonals of the building. The arches of the dome spring from four octagonal pillars— two on the north, two on the south— and from piers projecting from the east and west walls. To the north and south are galleries supported by pillars and by small marble columns between them.
Mimar Sinan : was the chief Ottoman architect and civil engineer for sultans Suleiman I, Selim II, and Murad III. He was, during a period of fifty years, responsible for the construction or the supervision of every major building in the Ottoman Empire. More than three hundred structures are credited to his name, not including some more modest projects, such as his Koran schools (sibyan mektebs).
At the start of his career as an architect, Sinan had to deal with an established, traditional domed architecture. His training as an army engineer led him to approach architecture from an empirical point of view, rather than from a theoretical one. He started to experiment with the design and engineering of single-domed and multiple-domed structures. He tried to obtain a new geometrical purity, a rationality and a spatial integrity in his structures and designs of mosques. Through all this, he demonstrated his creativity and his wish to create a clear, unified space. He started to develop a series of variations on the domes, surrounding them in different ways with semi-domes, piers, screen walls and different sets of galleries. His domes and arches are curved, but he avoided curvilinear elements in the rest of his design, transforming the circle of the dome into a rectangular, hexagonal or octagonal system. He tried to obtain a rational harmony between the exterior pyramidal composition of semi-domes, culminating in a single drumless dome, and the interior space where this central dome vertically integrates the space into a unified whole. His genius lies in the organization of this space and in the resolution of the tensions created by the design. He was an innovator in the use of decoration and motifs, merging them into the architectural forms as a whole. He accentuated the centre underneath the central dome by flooding it with light from the many windows. He incorporated his mosques in an efficient way into a complex (külliye), serving the needs of the community as an intellectual centre, a community centre and serving the social needs and the health problems of the faithful.
Conclusion :
As a result, my research process will include Architerture’s and structure’s of Suleymaniye Mosque and Rüstem Pasha Mosque and analyzing/comparing their designs of interfaces, and also making research about their usabilities by perform it in real. So that i will have good enough information about “Interactivity” wich will be very important topic of my research as well.
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